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Neonatal hypoglycemia is a transient or temporary condition of decreased blood sugar or hypoglycemia in a neonate.
Video Neonatal hypoglycemia
Mechanism and pathophysiology
Temporary hypoglycemia in the first three hours after birth is a normal finding. Most of the time it resolves without medical intervention. The lowest blood sugars occur one to two hours after birth. After this time, lactose begins to be available through the breast milk. In addition, gluconeogenesis occurs when the kidneys and liver convert fats into glucose.
Maps Neonatal hypoglycemia
Risk
Those infants that have an increased risk of developing hypoglycemia shortly after birth are:
- preterm
- asphyxia
- cold stress
- congestive heart failure
- sepsis
- Rh disease
- discordant twin
- erythroblastosis fetalis
- polycythemia
- microphallus or midline defect
- respiratory disease
- maternal glucose IV
- maternal epidural
- postmaturity
- hyperinssulinnemia
- endocrine disorders
- inborn errors of metabolism
- diabetic mother
- maternal toxemia
- intrapartum fever
src: pedsinreview.aappublications.org
Treatment
Some infants are treated with 40% dextrose (a form of sugar) gel applied directly to the infant's mouth.
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See also
- Congenital hyperinsulinism
- Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia
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References
src: pediatrics.aappublications.org
Bibliography
- Walker, Marsha (2011). Breastfeeding management for the clinician : using the evidence. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. ISBN 9780763766511.
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External links
- Hypoglycemia in the Newborn, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital
Source of article : Wikipedia
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